WEBVTT 00:00:11.599 --> 00:00:13.990 Hello everybody. I'm Allison Chinchar in 00:00:14.000 --> 00:00:17.109 for Koi Wire and you're watching CNN 10. 00:00:17.119 --> 00:00:19.429 Now today is Monday, September 21st. 00:00:19.439 --> 00:00:22.150 Let's get to your news. We begin in 00:00:22.160 --> 00:00:24.070 South Africa where officials are trying 00:00:24.080 --> 00:00:26.070 to address a problem at the intersection 00:00:26.080 --> 00:00:28.310 of public safety and nature 00:00:28.320 --> 00:00:31.189 conservation. Troops of baboons are 00:00:31.199 --> 00:00:33.270 roaming neighborhoods in Cape Town, 00:00:33.280 --> 00:00:35.590 damaging property and causing residents 00:00:35.600 --> 00:00:38.389 to fear for their safety. CNN's Larry 00:00:38.399 --> 00:00:41.270 Mado explains a controversial plan to 00:00:41.280 --> 00:00:43.590 address the problem. 00:00:43.600 --> 00:00:46.389 Cape Town residents are taking notice of 00:00:46.399 --> 00:00:49.350 a growing controversy over baboons and 00:00:49.360 --> 00:00:51.990 what to do about them. 00:00:52.000 --> 00:00:53.590 Troops of baboons are roaming the 00:00:53.600 --> 00:00:56.150 streets, raiding homes, and riing up 00:00:56.160 --> 00:00:58.310 residents. 00:00:58.320 --> 00:01:00.389 These Chakma baboons are Southern 00:01:00.399 --> 00:01:02.869 Africa's largest monkey species. And as 00:01:02.879 --> 00:01:04.950 the city expands, conflict between 00:01:04.960 --> 00:01:08.789 baboons and residents has grown. 00:01:08.799 --> 00:01:11.030 And now the city has a plan to solve 00:01:11.040 --> 00:01:13.910 their primate problem. Permanently cage 00:01:13.920 --> 00:01:15.830 around 60 of the animals as an 00:01:15.840 --> 00:01:17.270 alternative to culling. 00:01:17.280 --> 00:01:18.789 >> And that we're left with two very 00:01:18.799 --> 00:01:20.070 difficult decisions. We could either 00:01:20.080 --> 00:01:21.749 callull the troops, which is arguably 00:01:21.759 --> 00:01:25.270 the ecological solution, or we could um 00:01:25.280 --> 00:01:27.030 find a space that we could set up an 00:01:27.040 --> 00:01:28.789 urban wildlife center and allow those 00:01:28.799 --> 00:01:31.190 animals in those troops to live out 00:01:31.200 --> 00:01:33.109 their lives in a higher standard of care 00:01:33.119 --> 00:01:35.749 with a quality of environment. But that 00:01:35.759 --> 00:01:38.390 plan has sparked an outcry and fierce 00:01:38.400 --> 00:01:40.870 debate. Should baboons that have adapted 00:01:40.880 --> 00:01:43.109 to city life be confined or should 00:01:43.119 --> 00:01:45.990 people find a way to coexist with them? 00:01:46.000 --> 00:01:48.630 Suan Norton says she regularly feeds 00:01:48.640 --> 00:01:51.190 fruit to baboons that visit her home. 00:01:51.200 --> 00:01:54.950 >> They're not dangerous. Um they are they 00:01:54.960 --> 00:01:58.310 treat you as you treat them. If you 00:01:58.320 --> 00:02:02.789 treat them with anger and force, they 00:02:02.799 --> 00:02:05.270 come back at you with force. If you 00:02:05.280 --> 00:02:08.150 treat them like a pet, like a cat or a 00:02:08.160 --> 00:02:10.790 dog, like I treat them, then we live 00:02:10.800 --> 00:02:13.430 together in the, you know, in harmony. 00:02:13.440 --> 00:02:15.670 City officials say the baboons will be 00:02:15.680 --> 00:02:17.990 better off if they're confined. 00:02:18.000 --> 00:02:21.190 >> These are not wild baboons anymore. They 00:02:21.200 --> 00:02:23.670 live in an urban area and what they are 00:02:23.680 --> 00:02:27.430 getting, whether we agree or disagree, 00:02:27.440 --> 00:02:29.510 they are going to live their lives 00:02:29.520 --> 00:02:31.589 better for 30 years. 00:02:31.599 --> 00:02:33.670 >> Animal welfare groups say the root of 00:02:33.680 --> 00:02:36.630 the problem isn't the baboons, it's 00:02:36.640 --> 00:02:39.670 urban encroachment. They argue residents 00:02:39.680 --> 00:02:42.390 need to do more to secure their homes, 00:02:42.400 --> 00:02:44.790 protect trash, and eliminate easy access 00:02:44.800 --> 00:02:45.670 to food. 00:02:45.680 --> 00:02:47.750 >> If you are living in an area where there 00:02:47.760 --> 00:02:50.150 is wildlife, then you need to live and 00:02:50.160 --> 00:02:51.830 coexist with the wildlife. 00:02:51.840 --> 00:02:53.670 >> With residents now taking to the streets 00:02:53.680 --> 00:02:56.229 in protest, the battle over Cape Town's 00:02:56.239 --> 00:02:58.949 baboons comes down to one question. Can 00:02:58.959 --> 00:03:00.790 people and wildlife learn to share the 00:03:00.800 --> 00:03:03.110 city, or will one have to make way for 00:03:03.120 --> 00:03:06.229 the other? Activists in Catmandeue, 00:03:06.239 --> 00:03:08.949 Nepal, held a silent protest and candle 00:03:08.959 --> 00:03:11.509 vigil over the weekend, demanding more 00:03:11.519 --> 00:03:14.309 action from the world on climate change. 00:03:14.319 --> 00:03:16.390 The nation is still reeling from a 00:03:16.400 --> 00:03:18.630 collapse of a glacier in late August 00:03:18.640 --> 00:03:21.509 that triggered catastrophic flooding. It 00:03:21.519 --> 00:03:24.470 killed more than,300 people and left 00:03:24.480 --> 00:03:27.110 thousands missing. Activists honored 00:03:27.120 --> 00:03:29.350 those victims during the event. One 00:03:29.360 --> 00:03:31.670 demonstrator talked about the reason he 00:03:31.680 --> 00:03:34.070 decided to participate. This is not a 00:03:34.080 --> 00:03:36.869 protest. We are silently just making all 00:03:36.879 --> 00:03:39.430 the crowd all the public to recognize 00:03:39.440 --> 00:03:41.190 the climate change and how it is 00:03:41.200 --> 00:03:44.070 affecting the Nepal despite its 00:03:44.080 --> 00:03:47.110 contribution is very low like Nepal is 00:03:47.120 --> 00:03:50.149 contributing 0.027% 1027% in the carbon 00:03:50.159 --> 00:03:52.149 emission global carbon emission and we 00:03:52.159 --> 00:03:54.789 are getting all the you know climate 00:03:54.799 --> 00:03:58.789 related hazards and we are the youth are 00:03:58.799 --> 00:04:02.070 here to show the solid solidarity to the 00:04:02.080 --> 00:04:04.630 people who lost their life in the Russa 00:04:04.640 --> 00:04:06.390 Bikosi flood. 00:04:06.400 --> 00:04:09.509 >> Time for 10-second trivia. The first 00:04:09.519 --> 00:04:13.110 T-Rex fossil was discovered in which US 00:04:13.120 --> 00:04:16.710 state? Montana, Wyoming, South Dakota, 00:04:16.720 --> 00:04:20.229 or New Mexico. 00:04:20.239 --> 00:04:23.110 If you said Montana, put your hands up. 00:04:23.120 --> 00:04:25.990 The first T-Rex fossil was discovered in 00:04:26.000 --> 00:04:30.629 1902 in Montana. In 1905, the dinosaur 00:04:30.639 --> 00:04:33.590 was officially named Tyrannosaurus Rex, 00:04:33.600 --> 00:04:37.749 meaning tyrant lizard king. 00:04:37.759 --> 00:04:40.230 For decades, scientists have debated 00:04:40.240 --> 00:04:42.790 whether the T-Rex was more like a 00:04:42.800 --> 00:04:45.590 coldblooded lizard or a warm-blooded 00:04:45.600 --> 00:04:48.469 bird. Now, they may finally have their 00:04:48.479 --> 00:04:51.110 answer. Researchers at the University of 00:04:51.120 --> 00:04:53.670 California studied the chemical makeup 00:04:53.680 --> 00:04:57.110 of three fossilized T-Rex teeth and 00:04:57.120 --> 00:04:59.510 found that the dinosaur had a body 00:04:59.520 --> 00:05:03.830 temperature of about 97° F, surprisingly 00:05:03.840 --> 00:05:06.550 close to ours. That warmer body 00:05:06.560 --> 00:05:08.790 temperature suggests T-Rex could 00:05:08.800 --> 00:05:12.469 generate and maintain its own body heat. 00:05:12.479 --> 00:05:14.629 And that could help explain how this 00:05:14.639 --> 00:05:17.189 massive predator was able to live across 00:05:17.199 --> 00:05:20.230 a huge range of climates, including 00:05:20.240 --> 00:05:22.950 places as far north as what is now 00:05:22.960 --> 00:05:25.990 Alaska. So, while T-Rex disappeared 00:05:26.000 --> 00:05:29.110 about 66 million years ago, scientists 00:05:29.120 --> 00:05:32.310 are still finding new clues about how it 00:05:32.320 --> 00:05:34.230 lived. 00:05:34.240 --> 00:05:36.550 Tomorrow marks the auto atominal equinox 00:05:36.560 --> 00:05:38.870 in the northern hemisphere and many of 00:05:38.880 --> 00:05:41.590 us may be noticing that mother nature is 00:05:41.600 --> 00:05:44.469 starting to show off. Fall foliage 00:05:44.479 --> 00:05:46.950 colors are popping with trees starting 00:05:46.960 --> 00:05:49.990 to turn brilliant shades of yellow, red, 00:05:50.000 --> 00:05:52.150 and orange. But have you ever wondered 00:05:52.160 --> 00:05:55.189 why and how we get this colorful show 00:05:55.199 --> 00:05:57.590 each and every year? Coy and I took a 00:05:57.600 --> 00:05:59.749 walk outside to discuss the science 00:05:59.759 --> 00:06:02.710 behind this dazzling display. Fall 00:06:02.720 --> 00:06:04.950 foliage colors are popping with trees 00:06:04.960 --> 00:06:06.870 starting to turn brilliant shades of 00:06:06.880 --> 00:06:09.909 yellow, red, and orange. Have you ever 00:06:09.919 --> 00:06:12.150 wondered why and how the leaves change 00:06:12.160 --> 00:06:14.230 colors? Who better to ask than our CNN 00:06:14.240 --> 00:06:15.990 meteorologist, our weather wizard, 00:06:16.000 --> 00:06:18.710 Allison Chinchar. So great to see you 00:06:18.720 --> 00:06:20.390 looking 00:06:20.400 --> 00:06:22.629 today with your display. Speaking of 00:06:22.639 --> 00:06:24.629 display, how do these leaves change 00:06:24.639 --> 00:06:26.629 color? Why do they change color? And how 00:06:26.639 --> 00:06:27.990 do they know when to start? 00:06:28.000 --> 00:06:29.510 >> Right? Because sometimes they change a 00:06:29.520 --> 00:06:30.790 little bit later in the year versus 00:06:30.800 --> 00:06:32.230 others. So yeah, there's a lot of 00:06:32.240 --> 00:06:34.309 factors here, Koi, but the biggest one 00:06:34.319 --> 00:06:36.550 is daylight hours. As the days start to 00:06:36.560 --> 00:06:38.070 get shorter and we have less and less 00:06:38.080 --> 00:06:40.309 daylight as we head into winter, it's 00:06:40.319 --> 00:06:42.230 essentially kind of a cue to them to 00:06:42.240 --> 00:06:43.909 stop photosynthesizing. Now 00:06:43.919 --> 00:06:45.909 photosynthesis is basically using the 00:06:45.919 --> 00:06:48.390 sunlight to give them food and energy. 00:06:48.400 --> 00:06:51.270 But this process slows incredibly in the 00:06:51.280 --> 00:06:52.870 winter months. So the trees aren't 00:06:52.880 --> 00:06:54.870 dying, they're just going dormant. 00:06:54.880 --> 00:06:57.749 >> Why do some leaves turn red like this 00:06:57.759 --> 00:06:58.469 one? 00:06:58.479 --> 00:07:01.110 >> Right? So, not all trees have the 00:07:01.120 --> 00:07:03.110 special gift that allows them to be this 00:07:03.120 --> 00:07:04.870 beautiful color. Basically, what they 00:07:04.880 --> 00:07:06.070 have inside of them is something called 00:07:06.080 --> 00:07:08.550 anthocyanin. And it allows these trees 00:07:08.560 --> 00:07:10.070 when they start to go through that 00:07:10.080 --> 00:07:11.830 photosynthesis process in the winter 00:07:11.840 --> 00:07:13.830 when they slow down, they're changing 00:07:13.840 --> 00:07:15.589 into this beautiful red or sometimes 00:07:15.599 --> 00:07:17.909 even that pretty purple color. All 00:07:17.919 --> 00:07:19.029 because they have this special 00:07:19.039 --> 00:07:21.110 ingredient. But you also have to have 00:07:21.120 --> 00:07:23.189 the right weather conditions. You have 00:07:23.199 --> 00:07:24.710 to make sure you've had enough water 00:07:24.720 --> 00:07:27.430 leading up to the fall season and also 00:07:27.440 --> 00:07:28.629 plenty of sunlight. 00:07:28.639 --> 00:07:30.469 >> Now, why is it that some trees don't 00:07:30.479 --> 00:07:32.150 change colors and nothing falls, 00:07:32.160 --> 00:07:33.830 >> right? So, these are what we refer to as 00:07:33.840 --> 00:07:36.629 evergreen, hence the color trees. 00:07:36.639 --> 00:07:38.309 Basically, these trees have evolved so 00:07:38.319 --> 00:07:40.070 that they never stop going through the 00:07:40.080 --> 00:07:43.110 photosynthesis process. Now, it slows 00:07:43.120 --> 00:07:45.510 considerably in the winter, but it never 00:07:45.520 --> 00:07:47.110 actually stops, meaning they don't have 00:07:47.120 --> 00:07:48.870 to lose their leaves or change their 00:07:48.880 --> 00:07:51.270 color. in this warming climate 00:07:51.280 --> 00:07:52.550 environment that we're living in and 00:07:52.560 --> 00:07:54.150 we're experiencing nowadays. How might 00:07:54.160 --> 00:07:55.670 warming temperatures around the world 00:07:55.680 --> 00:07:57.510 affect the changing colors of the 00:07:57.520 --> 00:07:57.909 leaves? 00:07:57.919 --> 00:07:59.510 >> Right? So, the most obvious answer to 00:07:59.520 --> 00:08:01.430 that is the leaves will be falling off 00:08:01.440 --> 00:08:03.830 much later into the season because we're 00:08:03.840 --> 00:08:06.230 staying warmer longer. If trees could 00:08:06.240 --> 00:08:08.070 actually pick their ideal conditions, it 00:08:08.080 --> 00:08:09.589 would be for the temperatures to cool 00:08:09.599 --> 00:08:11.270 down gradually like you and I would 00:08:11.280 --> 00:08:13.990 probably pick. But if temperatures drop 00:08:14.000 --> 00:08:17.189 too quick, let's say 30 to 50° in just a 00:08:17.199 --> 00:08:18.710 couple of days, trees can go through 00:08:18.720 --> 00:08:20.629 what's called shock, which causes them 00:08:20.639 --> 00:08:22.629 to just drop their leaves, even if they 00:08:22.639 --> 00:08:24.950 never ended up fully changing colors. 00:08:24.960 --> 00:08:27.110 >> So, why do trees decide to let their 00:08:27.120 --> 00:08:28.950 leaves go? Is this like a preservation 00:08:28.960 --> 00:08:30.710 thing? That's something they have to do. 00:08:30.720 --> 00:08:32.870 >> It's to really save a lot of the energy 00:08:32.880 --> 00:08:34.630 that the tree would use up during the 00:08:34.640 --> 00:08:36.550 winter. Many people don't know this, but 00:08:36.560 --> 00:08:38.870 leaves take up the vast majority of the 00:08:38.880 --> 00:08:40.870 water source that a tree takes in. So, 00:08:40.880 --> 00:08:42.709 if it doesn't have its leaves anymore, 00:08:42.719 --> 00:08:44.630 it can consolidate a lot of that energy 00:08:44.640 --> 00:08:46.230 to get through a rough winter. 00:08:46.240 --> 00:08:47.750 >> Thank you for helping us branch out 00:08:47.760 --> 00:08:49.910 today and get to the root of uh this 00:08:49.920 --> 00:08:58.230 very interesting topic. 00:08:58.240 --> 00:09:01.190 >> Today's story getting a 10 out of 10. A 00:09:01.200 --> 00:09:03.350 Minneapolis training program that aims 00:09:03.360 --> 00:09:06.550 to help more women become firefighters. 00:09:06.560 --> 00:09:09.269 >> We want to push the women to not just 00:09:09.279 --> 00:09:11.350 reach the bar. We want them to crush 00:09:11.360 --> 00:09:14.070 glass ceilings. We want them to show up 00:09:14.080 --> 00:09:16.070 and be undeniable that they deserve to 00:09:16.080 --> 00:09:17.350 be there because we do. 00:09:17.360 --> 00:09:18.949 >> According to the National Fire 00:09:18.959 --> 00:09:22.150 Protection Association, only 9% of the 00:09:22.160 --> 00:09:24.790 nation's firefighters are women. And the 00:09:24.800 --> 00:09:27.030 trainers in this program are trying to 00:09:27.040 --> 00:09:29.670 fight the stigma that women can't meet 00:09:29.680 --> 00:09:31.110 the physical demands. 00:09:31.120 --> 00:09:32.710 >> When they call 911, they're calling you 00:09:32.720 --> 00:09:34.790 on their worst day, and they need you to 00:09:34.800 --> 00:09:36.310 come and save them, and you have to be 00:09:36.320 --> 00:09:37.509 physically ready for that. that 00:09:37.519 --> 00:09:39.110 firefighting is an extremely physical 00:09:39.120 --> 00:09:41.269 job and we must be prepared for that. 00:09:41.279 --> 00:09:42.630 You're literally doing this to save a 00:09:42.640 --> 00:09:44.310 life. You being in shape and physically 00:09:44.320 --> 00:09:46.949 prepared can determine if someone lives 00:09:46.959 --> 00:09:47.750 or dies. 00:09:47.760 --> 00:09:50.550 >> One workout at a time, those women are 00:09:50.560 --> 00:09:53.190 proving that the desire to help people 00:09:53.200 --> 00:09:55.910 is one of the most heroic actions of 00:09:55.920 --> 00:09:57.990 all. All right, superstars. I've got 00:09:58.000 --> 00:10:00.470 time for one shout out today. This goes 00:10:00.480 --> 00:10:02.870 to Miss Little at the Bonire Juvenile 00:10:02.880 --> 00:10:05.430 Correctional Center in Bonire, Virginia. 00:10:05.440 --> 00:10:07.430 Thank you so much for subscribing to our 00:10:07.440 --> 00:10:09.269 YouTube channel and keep up the good 00:10:09.279 --> 00:10:11.509 work. I hope you all have a fantastic 00:10:11.519 --> 00:10:13.670 day. Koi will be back with you again 00:10:13.680 --> 00:10:16.069 tomorrow. I'm Allison Chinchar and this 00:10:16.079 --> 00:10:19.800 is CNN 10.